use tokio::io::AsyncReadExt;
use async_trait::async_trait;

use bincode;
use bincode::{Decode, Encode};
use crate::binary_coding::{encode, decode};

use crate::error::{Error, DecodeErrorKind};
use crate::segments::entry::{Entry, EntryDetailed};
use crate::segments::entry_header::EntryHeaderWithDataSize;
use crate::segments::store_header::StoreHeader;
use crate::storage_engine::{FilePosition, Column, Result};
use crate::cursor_capabilities::primitive::{CursorCanRead, CursorCanWrite};

#[async_trait]
pub trait CursorCanReadHeader<T>: CursorCanRead<T> {
    fn header(&self) -> &StoreHeader;

    async fn seek_to_start_of_data(&mut self) -> Result<FilePosition> {
        self.seek_to(StoreHeader::size(self.header().number_of_columns) as u64).await
    }

    async fn read_entry_header(&mut self) -> Result<EntryHeaderWithDataSize> {
        let number_of_columns: usize = self.header().number_of_columns;
        let mut header_bytes: Vec<u8> = vec![0; EntryHeaderWithDataSize::size(number_of_columns)];
        self.read_bytes(&mut header_bytes).await?;
        let header = EntryHeaderWithDataSize::decode(&mut header_bytes[..], number_of_columns)?;

        Ok(header)
    }

    async fn read_entry_header_at(&mut self, file_position: FilePosition) -> Result<EntryHeaderWithDataSize>  {
        self.seek_to(file_position).await?;
        self.read_entry_header().await
    }

    // Returns None when file_position == eof_file_position
    async fn read_entry_at(&mut self, file_position: FilePosition) -> Result<Option<EntryDetailed<T>>> 
        where T: Decode
    {
        self.seek_to(file_position).await?;
        self.next().await
    }

    // ===Iteration===
    // The following functions assume that the current file position is at a valid entry or EOF.


    // WARNING: This moves the file_position to start of the data, so you can't just call
    //    next_entry_header() a bunch of times. You must move the cursor!
    async fn next_entry_header(&mut self) -> Result<Option<EntryHeaderWithDataSize>> {
        if self.is_at_eof().await? {
            return Ok(None)
        }

        let entry_header = self.read_entry_header().await?;

        Ok(Some(entry_header))
    }

    // This is meant to be used after next_entry_header() is called.
    async fn jump_from_start_of_entry_data_to_next_entry(&mut self, entry_header: &EntryHeaderWithDataSize) -> Result<FilePosition>{
        let file_position = self.seek_by(entry_header.size_of_data() as i64).await?;
        Ok(file_position)
    }

    async fn next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<EntryDetailed<T>>> 
        where T: Decode
    {
        let file_position = self.current_file_position().await?;
        let Some(entry_header) = self.next_entry_header().await? else { return Ok(None) };

        let mut data_bytes: Vec<u8> = vec![0; entry_header.size_of_data()];
        self.read_bytes(&mut data_bytes).await?;
        let entry: EntryDetailed<T> =
            EntryDetailed::decode(entry_header, file_position, self.header().number_of_columns, &mut data_bytes)?;

        Ok(Some(entry))
    }

    // Like next, but only reads the column, not the whole entry. 
    async fn next_at_column(&mut self, column: Column) -> Result<Option<(EntryHeaderWithDataSize, FilePosition, T)>> 
        where T: Decode + Send
    {
        let file_position = self.current_file_position().await?;
        let Some(entry_header) = self.next_entry_header().await? else { return Ok(None) };
        let file_position_at_start_of_data = self.current_file_position().await?;

        // figuring out how much to decode
        let column_offset = entry_header.offset_of_column(column);
        self.seek_by(column_offset as i64).await?;

        // reading and decoding
        let mut bytes: Vec<u8> = vec![0; entry_header.data_sizes[column as usize]];
        self.read_bytes(&mut bytes).await?;
        let (value, _) =
            decode::<T>(&bytes[..])
                .map_err(|e| Error::DecodeError(DecodeErrorKind::EntryIsDeleted, e))?;

        // jumping to next entry
        self.seek_to(file_position_at_start_of_data).await?;
        self.jump_from_start_of_entry_data_to_next_entry(&entry_header).await?;

        Ok(Some((entry_header, file_position, value)))
    }

    async fn next_alive_at_column(&mut self, column: Column) -> Result<Option<(EntryHeaderWithDataSize, FilePosition, T)>> 
        where T: Decode + Send
    {
        while let Some((header, file_position, t)) = self.next_at_column(column).await? {
            if !header.is_deleted  {
                return Ok(Some((header, file_position, t)))
            }
        }
        Ok(None)
    } 

    async fn next_alive(&mut self) -> Result<Option<EntryDetailed<T>>> 
        where T: Decode
    {
        while let Some(entry) = self.next().await? {
            if !entry.header.is_deleted  {
                return Ok(Some(entry))
            }
        }
        Ok(None)
    }

    // ===Search===
    async fn find_first_eq_bruteforce(&mut self, column: Column, t0: &T) -> Result<Option<EntryDetailed<T>>> 
        where T: Decode + PartialEq + Send + Sync
    {
        let mut file_position = self.current_file_position().await?;
        while let Some((_, _, t)) = self.next_alive_at_column(column).await? {
            if &t == t0  {
                // go back and decode the whole entry
                self.seek_to(file_position).await?;
                return self.next().await
            } else {
                file_position = self.current_file_position().await?;
            }
        }
        Ok(None)
    }

    async fn find_all_eq_bruteforce(&mut self, column: Column, t0: &T) -> Result<Vec<EntryDetailed<T>>> 
        where T: Decode + PartialEq + Send + Sync
    {
        let mut entries = vec![];
        while let Some(entry) = self.find_first_eq_bruteforce(column, t0).await? {
            entries.push(entry)
        }
        Ok(entries)
    }

    // ===Debugging===
    async fn read_entries(&mut self) -> Result<()> 
        where T: Decode + std::fmt::Debug
    {
        self.seek_to_start_of_data().await?;
        while let Some(entry) = self.next().await? {
            println!("{:?}", entry);
        }
        println!("END of entries.");
        Ok(())
    }

    async fn read_all_bytes(&mut self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, std::io::Error> {
        let mut bytes: Vec<u8> = vec![];
        self.seek_to_start().await.map_err(|e| e.to_io_or_panic())?;
        self.file().read_to_end(&mut bytes).await?;
        Ok(bytes)
    }
}

#[async_trait]
pub trait CursorCanWriteHeader<T>: CursorCanReadHeader<T> + CursorCanWrite<T> {
    fn header_mut(&mut self) -> &mut StoreHeader;
    fn set_eof_file_position(&mut self, new_file_position: FilePosition);

    // ===Store Header Manipulation===
    async fn increment_total_count(&mut self) -> Result<()> 
        where T: Send
    {
        self.seek_to_start().await?;
        self.seek_to(StoreHeader::TOTAL_COUNT_OFFSET as u64).await?;
        let new_count = self.header_mut().increment_total_count();
        self.write_bytes(&encode::<usize>(&new_count)?).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    async fn increment_deleted_count(&mut self) -> Result<()> 
        where T: Send
    {
        self.seek_to_start().await?;
        self.seek_to(StoreHeader::DELETED_COUNT_OFFSET as u64).await?;
        let new_count = self.header_mut().increment_deleted_count();
        self.write_bytes(&encode::<usize>(&new_count)?).await?;
        Ok(())
    }

    async fn set_header(&mut self, header: &StoreHeader) -> Result<()> 
        where T: Send
    {
        self.seek_to_start().await?;
        let encoded_header: Vec<u8> = header.encode()?;
        self.write_bytes(&encoded_header).await?;

        Ok(())
    }

    // ===Append Entry===

    // Moves cursor to the end.
    // Returns file position to the start of the new entry.
    async fn append_entry_no_indexing(&mut self, entry: &Entry<T>) -> Result<FilePosition> 
        where T: Encode + Send + Sync
    {
        self.increment_total_count().await?;

        let encoded_entry: Vec<u8> = entry.encode()?;
        let file_position = self.seek_to_end().await?;
        self.write_bytes(&encoded_entry).await?;

        let eof_file_position: FilePosition = self.current_file_position().await?;
        self.set_eof_file_position(eof_file_position);

        Ok(file_position)
    }
}