docs: handshake documentation

proto/src/handshake/client.rs

@@ -7,15 +7,20 @@ use crate::reader::backend::BackendProtoReader;
 use crate::writer::frontend::FrontendProtoWriter;
 use crate::writer::protowriter::ProtoFlush;
 
+/// Performs client-side handshake with the server until the `ReadyForQuery` message is received.
+/// For more info visit the [`55.2.1. Start-up`](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-FLOW-START-UP)
 pub async fn do_client_handshake(
     writer: &mut (impl FrontendProtoWriter + ProtoFlush),
     reader: &mut impl BackendProtoReader,
     request: HandshakeRequest,
 ) -> Result<HandshakeResponse, ClientHandshakeError> {
+
+    //  Send StartupMessage without SSLRequest
     let startup_message: StartupMessageData = request.into();
     writer.write_startup_message(startup_message).await?;
     writer.flush().await?;
 
+    //  Wait for AuthenticationOk
     let auth = reader.read_proto().await?;
     if !matches!(
         auth,
@@ -24,6 +29,7 @@ pub async fn do_client_handshake(
         return Err(ClientHandshakeError::UnexpectedAuthResponse(auth));
     }
 
+    //  Read server parameter messages until ReadyForQuery is received
     let mut messages = Vec::new();
     loop {
         let msg = reader.read_proto().await?;

proto/src/handshake/request.rs

@@ -3,11 +3,14 @@ use crate::message::special::StartupMessageData;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct HandshakeRequest {
-    version: i32,
-    parameters: Vec<(PgString, PgString)>,
+    pub version: i32,
+    pub parameters: Vec<(PgString, PgString)>,
 }
 
 impl HandshakeRequest {
+
+    /// Creates a new `HandshakeRequest` with the specified version.
+    /// Expected `version` is 196608 (3.0).
     pub fn new(version: i32) -> Self {
         Self {
             version,
@@ -15,6 +18,9 @@ impl HandshakeRequest {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Adds a parameter to the startup message.
+    /// Generally recognized names are `user`, `database`, `option` and `replication` but others can be used.
+    /// For more info visit [`StartupMessage`](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/protocol-message-formats.html#PROTOCOL-MESSAGE-FORMATS-STARTUPMESSAGE)
     pub fn parameter(mut self, key: &str, value: &str) -> Self {
         self.parameters.push((key.into(), value.into()));
         self

proto/src/handshake/response.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ pub struct HandshakeResponse {
 impl HandshakeResponse {
     pub fn new(name: &str, pid: i32, key: i32) -> Self {
         Self {
-            version: format!("16.0 ({name})", name = name),
+            version: format!("16.0 ({name})"),
             process_id: pid,
             secret_key: key,
         }
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ impl TryFrom<&[BackendMessage]> for HandshakeResponse {
                     process_id = Some(data.process);
                     secret_key = Some(data.secret);
                 }
+                //  Different messages are ignored during the handshake
                 _ => {}
             }
         }

proto/src/handshake/server.rs

@@ -7,11 +7,15 @@ use crate::reader::frontend::FrontendProtoReader;
 use crate::writer::backend::BackendProtoWriter;
 use crate::writer::protowriter::ProtoFlush;
 
+/// Performs server-side handshake with the client until ending it with `ReadyForQuery` message.
+/// For more info visit the [`55.2.1. Start-up`](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-FLOW-START-UP)
 pub async fn do_server_handshake(
     writer: &mut (impl BackendProtoWriter + ProtoFlush),
     reader: &mut impl FrontendProtoReader,
     response: HandshakeResponse,
 ) -> Result<HandshakeRequest, ServerHandshakeError> {
+
+    //  Check if client requested SSL
     match &reader.peek_special_message().await? {
         Some(msg @ SpecialMessage::SSLRequest) => {
             reader.consume_special_message(msg).await?;
@@ -23,6 +27,7 @@ pub async fn do_server_handshake(
         }
     }
 
+    //  Wait for mandatory StartupMessage
     let startup_message = match &reader.peek_special_message().await? {
         Some(msg @ SpecialMessage::StartupMessage(data)) => {
             reader.consume_special_message(msg).await?;
@@ -33,15 +38,18 @@ pub async fn do_server_handshake(
         }
     };
 
+    //  Authenticate client
     writer
         .write_proto(BackendMessage::from(AuthenticationOkData { status: 0 }))
         .await?;
 
+    //  Send server parameters
     let messages: Vec<BackendMessage> = response.into();
     for message in messages {
         writer.write_proto(message).await?;
     }
 
+    //  Finish the handshake
     writer
         .write_proto(BackendMessage::from(ReadyForQueryData { status: b'I' }))
         .await?;

proto/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+//! # PostgreSQL 16 Protocol
+//! Low-level PostgreSQL protocol implementation for the version 16, protocol version 3.0.
+//! Includes server and client side handshake with no password authentication.
+
 pub mod handshake;
 pub mod message;
 pub mod reader;